SherbyNet - /page/wikibook/entry.mu

Micron Document

<!DOCTYPE html>

<title>Effluent guidelines</title>

</head>

<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Effluent guidelines</span></span>

</h1>

</header>

<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p><b>Effluent Guidelines</b> (also referred to as Effluent Limitation Guidelines (ELGs)) are U.S. national standards for wastewater discharges to surface waters and <a href="Publicly_owned_treatment_works" title="Publicly owned treatment works">publicly owned treatment works</a> (POTW) (also called municipal <a href="Sewage_treatment" title="Sewage treatment">sewage treatment</a> plants). The <a href="United_States_Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="United States Environmental Protection Agency">United States Environmental Protection Agency</a> (EPA) issues Effluent Guideline regulations for categories of industrial sources of <a href="Water_pollution" title="Water pollution">water pollution</a> under Title III of the <a href="Clean_Water_Act" title="Clean Water Act">Clean Water Act</a> (CWA).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The standards are technology-based, i.e. they are based on the performance of treatment and control technologies (e.g., <a href="Best_Available_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Best Available Technology">Best Available Technology</a>). Effluent Guidelines are not based on risk or impacts of pollutants upon receiving waters.<sup id="cite_ref-EPA_Industrial_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EPA_Industrial-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Since the mid-1970s, EPA has promulgated ELGs for 59 industrial categories, with over 450 subcategories. Effluent Guidelines currently control pollution at approximately 40,000 facilities that discharge directly to the nation's waters, 129,000 facilities that discharge to POTWs, and construction sites. Effluent Guidelines are implemented in water discharge permits issued to facilities through the <a href="Clean_Water_Act#NPDES_permits_for_point_sources" title="Clean Water Act">National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System</a> (NPDES).<sup id="cite_ref-EPA_learn_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EPA_learn-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2></div>

<p>Regulated pollutants vary by industry category, with <a href="Effluent_limitation" title="Effluent limitation">effluent limitations</a> typically expressed as mass loadings or concentrations. The regulations cover pollutants for which there are approved <a href="Water_pollution#Measurement" title="Water pollution">analytical testing methods</a>. EPA has published many methods in its regulations,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and has approved the use of other methods published by peer-reviewed sources, such as <i>Standard Methods.</i><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although the effluent limitations are based on the performance of control and treatment technologies (and not the impacts to receiving waters), the regulations do not require discharging facilities to use specific technologies. The facilities may choose any technologies to meet the numerical limitations.<sup id="cite_ref-EPA_learn_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EPA_learn-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In addition to numerical effluent limitations, some categories also include requirements for the use of industry-specific <a href="Best_management_practice_for_water_pollution" title="Best management practice for water pollution">best management practices</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In the 1972 CWA <a href="United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">Congress</a> specified an initial list of categorical regulations that EPA was required to promulgate.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 1977 CWA amendments provided a list of pollutant and pollutant groups to be considered by the agency in developing regulations.<sup id="cite_ref-EPA_priority_pollutant_list_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EPA_priority_pollutant_list-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> EPA is also required to review and revise regulations as needed, and since 1972 it has promulgated ELGs for 59 industrial categories, with over 450 subcategories. Approximately 40,000 facilities that discharge directly to the nation's waters, 129,000 facilities that discharge to POTWs, and construction sites, are covered by the regulations. The regulations annually prohibit the discharge of 700 billion pounds of pollutants into U.S. surface waters.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The effluent limitations for the Construction and Development category are narrative in format and do not specify numeric pollutant limits. The requirements consist of <a href="Erosion_control" title="Erosion control">erosion controls</a> and <a href="Sediment_control" title="Sediment control">sediment controls</a>, <a href="Soil_stabilization" title="Soil stabilization">soil stabilization</a> practices and <a href="Pollution_prevention_in_the_US" class="mw-redirect" title="Pollution prevention in the US">pollution prevention</a> practices (such as minimizing exposure of building materials, pesticides and other chemicals).<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In the early years of the program (1970s-1980s) the agency published analytical methods for a list of 126 "priority pollutants," consisting of various <a href="Toxicity" title="Toxicity">toxic</a> pollutants. Subsequently the agency has issued methods and regulated pollutants beyond those in the initial priority list.<sup id="cite_ref-EPA_priority_pollutant_list_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EPA_priority_pollutant_list-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CWA_methods_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CWA_methods-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Facilities that directly discharge to "<a href="Clean_Water_Act#Waters_protected" title="Clean Water Act">waters of the United States</a>" are required to obtain NPDES permits, and effluent guideline requirements are incorporated into these permits. Indirect dischargers (i.e. facilities discharging to POTWs) are subject to effluent guideline requirements called "Pretreatment Standards."<sup id="cite_ref-EPA_learn_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EPA_learn-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Existing_regulations">Existing regulations</h2></div>

<p>This table lists the 59 Effluent Guidelines categories published by EPA.<sup id="cite_ref-EPA_Industrial_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EPA_Industrial-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<th><b>Category Name</b>

</th>

</th>

<th><b>Initial Promulgation Year</b>

</th>

<th><b>Most Recent Update</b>

</th></tr>

<tr>

<td>Airport Deicing

</td>

<td>449

</td>

<td>2012

</td>

<td>2012

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Aluminum Forming

</td>

<td>467

</td>

<td>1983

</td>

<td>1988

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Asbestos Manufacturing

</td>

<td>427

</td>

<td>1974

</td>

<td>1975

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Battery Manufacturing

</td>

<td>461

</td>

<td>1984

</td>

<td>1986

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Canned and Preserved Fruits and Vegetable Processing

</td>

<td>407

</td>

<td>1974

</td>

<td>1976

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Canned and Preserved Seafood (Seafood Processing)

</td>

<td>408

</td>

<td>1974

</td>

<td>1975

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Carbon Black Manufacturing

</td>

<td>458

</td>

<td>1976

</td>

<td>1978

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Cement Manufacturing

</td>

<td>411

</td>

<td>1974

</td>

<td>1974

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Centralized Waste Treatment

</td>

<td>437

</td>

<td>2000

</td>

<td>2003

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Coal Mining

</td>

<td>434

</td>

<td>1975

</td>

<td>2002

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Coil Coating

</td>

<td>465

</td>

<td>1982

</td>

<td>1983

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations

</td>

<td>412

</td>

<td>1974

</td>

<td>2008

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Concentrated Aquatic Animal Production (Aquaculture)

</td>

<td>451

</td>

<td>2004

</td>

<td>2004

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Construction and Development

</td>

<td>450

</td>

<td>2009

</td>

<td>2014

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Copper Forming

</td>

<td>468

</td>

<td>1983

</td>

<td>1986

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Dairy Products Processing

</td>

<td>405

</td>

<td>1974

</td>

<td>1974

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Dental Office

</td>

<td>441

</td>

<td>2017

</td>

<td>2017

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Electrical and Electronic Components

</td>

<td>469

</td>

<td>1983

</td>

<td>1983

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Electroplating

</td>

<td>413

</td>

<td>1974

</td>

<td>1983

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Explosives Manufacturing

</td>

<td>457

</td>

<td>1976

</td>

<td>1976

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Ferroalloy Manufacturing

</td>

<td>424

</td>

<td>1974

</td>

<td>1974

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Fertilizer Manufacturing

</td>

<td>418

</td>

<td>1974

</td>

<td>1975

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Glass Manufacturing

</td>

<td>426

</td>

<td>1974

</td>

<td>1975

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Grain Mills

</td>

<td>406

</td>

<td>1974

</td>

<td>1974

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Gum and Wood Chemicals Manufacturing

</td>

<td>454

</td>

<td>1976

</td>

<td>1976

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Hospitals

</td>

<td>460

</td>

<td>1976

</td>

<td>1976

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Ink Formulating

</td>

<td>447

</td>

<td>1975

</td>

<td>1975

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Inorganic Chemicals Manufacturing

</td>

<td>415

</td>

<td>1982

</td>

<td>1984

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Iron and Steel Manufacturing

</td>

<td>420

</td>

<td>1974

</td>

<td>2005

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Landfills

</td>

<td>445

</td>

<td>2000

</td>

<td>2000

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Leather Tanning and Finishing

</td>

<td>425

</td>

<td>1982

</td>

<td>1996

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Meat and Poultry Products

</td>

<td>432

</td>

<td>1974

</td>

<td>2004

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Metal Finishing

</td>

<td>433

</td>

<td>1983

</td>

<td>1986

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Metal Molding and Casting (Foundries)

</td>

<td>464

</td>

<td>1985

</td>

<td>1985

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Metal Products and Machinery

</td>

<td>438

</td>

<td>2003

</td>

<td>2003

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Mineral Mining and Processing

</td>

<td>436

</td>

<td>1975

</td>

<td>1979

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Nonferrous Metals Forming and Metal Powders

</td>

<td>471

</td>

<td>1985

</td>

<td>1989

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Nonferrous Metals Manufacturing

</td>

<td>421

</td>

<td>1976

</td>

<td>1990

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Oil and Gas Extraction

</td>

<td>435

</td>

<td>1975

</td>

<td>2016

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Ore Mining and Dressing (Hard Rock Mining)

</td>

<td>440

</td>

<td>1975

</td>

<td>1988

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Organic Chemicals, Plastics & Synthetic Fibers

</td>

<td>414

</td>

<td>1987

</td>

<td>1993

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Paint Formulating

</td>

<td>446

</td>

<td>1975

</td>

<td>1975

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Paving and Roofing Materials (Tars and Asphalt)

</td>

<td>443

</td>

<td>1975

</td>

<td>1975

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Pesticide Chemicals

</td>

<td>455

</td>

<td>1978

</td>

<td>1996

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Petroleum Refining

</td>

<td>419

</td>

<td>1974

</td>

<td>1982

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Pharmaceutical Manufacturing

</td>

<td>439

</td>

<td>1976

</td>

<td>2003

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Phosphate Manufacturing

</td>

<td>422

</td>

<td>1974

</td>

<td>1974

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Photographic

</td>

<td>459

</td>

<td>1976

</td>

<td>1976

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Plastics Molding and Forming

</td>

<td>463

</td>

<td>1984

</td>

<td>1984

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Porcelain Enameling

</td>

<td>466

</td>

<td>1982

</td>

<td>1985

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Pulp, Paper and Paperboard

</td>

<td>430

</td>

<td>1974

</td>

<td>2002

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Rubber Manufacturing

</td>

<td>428

</td>

<td>1974

</td>

<td>1974

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Soap and Detergent Manufacturing

</td>

<td>417

</td>

<td>1974

</td>

<td>1975

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Steam Electric Power Generating

</td>

<td>423

</td>

<td>1974

</td>

<td>2024

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Sugar Processing

</td>

<td>409

</td>

<td>1974

</td>

<td>1979

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Textile Mills

</td>

<td>410

</td>

<td>1974

</td>

<td>1982

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Timber Products Processing

</td>

<td>429

</td>

<td>1974

</td>

<td>1981

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Transportation Equipment Cleaning

</td>

<td>442

</td>

<td>2000

</td>

<td>2000

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>Waste Combustors

</td>

<td>444

</td>

<td>2000

</td>

<td>2000

</td></tr></tbody></table>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Effluent_Guidelines_Database">Effluent Guidelines Database</h3></div>

<p>The EPA database supports searching of existing regulations by industry, pollutant, treatment technology or keyword.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Program_plans">Program plans</h2></div>

<p>EPA periodically publishes a list of ongoing and new regulation projects, and a list of categories that it is considering for regulation, in its "Effluent Guidelines Program Plan." Program Plan 15, published in January 2023, announced several regulatory and research projects. According to the agency's "PFAS Strategic Roadmap", it is continuing to evaluate options to reduce discharges of <a href="Per-_and_polyfluoroalkyl_substances" class="mw-redirect" title="Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances">per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances</a> (PFAS) from a variety of industrial sectors.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In this regard EPA has decided that changes to the Landfills regulation (40 CFR part 445) are necessary, to address discharges of PFAS from landfill <a href="Leachate" title="Leachate">leachate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-EPA_current_plan_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EPA_current_plan-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>EPA will conduct research on the Textile Mills category (40 CFR part 410) to learn more about its PFAS usage and discharge characteristics. The agency will study PFAS discharged to POTWs by various industries, including categories that have recently been examined. EPA intends to confirm the origins of PFAS wastewater and assist POTWs in determining whether source-level controls are necessary. The Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations Category (40 CFR part 412) will also be investigated. The POTW influent study will include monitoring of the Electrical and Electronic Components Category (40 CFR part 469) for PFAS discharge data even though EPA is not currently seeking additional action for this category. Additionally, EPA will keep an eye on PFAS use and emissions from airports and the Pulp, Paper, and Paperboard Category (40 CFR part 430).<sup id="cite_ref-EPA_current_plan_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EPA_current_plan-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<ul><li><a href="Industrial_wastewater_treatment" title="Industrial wastewater treatment">Industrial wastewater treatment</a></li>

<li><a href="New_Source_Performance_Standard" class="mw-redirect" title="New Source Performance Standard">New Source Performance Standard</a></li>

<li><a href="United_States_regulation_of_point_source_water_pollution" title="United States regulation of point source water pollution">United States regulation of point source water pollution</a></li>

<li><a href="Clean_Water_Act#Water_Quality_Standards_Program" title="Clean Water Act">Water Quality Standards Program</a> (Risk-based standards)</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div class="reflist">

<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">United States. Clean Water Act (CWA). CWA section 301(b), <a href="Title_33_of_the_United_States_Code" title="Title 33 of the United States Code">33 U.S.C.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/33/1311(b)">§ 1311(b)</a>; sec. 304(b), <a href="Title_33_of_the_United_States_Code" title="Title 33 of the United States Code">33 U.S.C.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/33/1314(b)">§ 1314(b)</a>; sec. 306, <a href="Title_33_of_the_United_States_Code" title="Title 33 of the United States Code">33 U.S.C.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/33/1316">§ 1316</a>; sec. 307(b), <a href="Title_33_of_the_United_States_Code" title="Title 33 of the United States Code">33 U.S.C.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/33/1317(b)">§ 1317(b)</a>, sec. 307(c), <a href="Title_33_of_the_United_States_Code" title="Title 33 of the United States Code">33 U.S.C.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/33/1317(c)">§ 1317(c)</a>.</span>

</li>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("./mw/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("./mw/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("./mw/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("./mw/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.epa.gov/eg/industrial-effluent-guidelines">"Industrial Effluent Guidelines"</a>. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 2025-06-03.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-EPA_learn-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EPA_learn_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EPA_learn_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EPA_learn_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.epa.gov/eg/learn-about-effluent-guidelines">"Learn About Effluent Guidelines"</a>. EPA. 2024-08-15.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">EPA. "Guidelines Establishing Test Procedures for the Analysis of Pollutants." <i>Code of Federal Regulations,</i> <span><a href="Title_40_of_the_Code_of_Federal_Regulations" title="Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations">40 CFR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-40/part-136">136</a></span></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBairdClesceriEatonRice2017" class="citation book cs1">Baird, Rodger B.; Clesceri, Leonore S.; Eaton, Andrew D.; et al., eds. (2017). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.standardmethods.org"><i>Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater</i></a></span> (23rd ed.). Washington, DC: American Public Health Association. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9780875532875</bdi>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For example, see regulations for the Steam Electric Power Generating Category (<span><a href="Title_40_of_the_Code_of_Federal_Regulations" title="Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations">40 CFR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-40/part-423">423</a></span>); the Pulp, Paper and Paperboard Category (<span><a href="Title_40_of_the_Code_of_Federal_Regulations" title="Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations">40 CFR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-40/part-430">430</a></span>) and the Ore Mining and Dressing Category (<span><a href="Title_40_of_the_Code_of_Federal_Regulations" title="Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations">40 CFR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-40/part-440">440</a></span>).</span>

</li>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-EPA_priority_pollutant_list-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EPA_priority_pollutant_list_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EPA_priority_pollutant_list_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.epa.gov/eg/toxic-and-priority-pollutants-under-clean-water-act">"Toxic and Priority Pollutants Under the Clean Water Act"</a>. EPA. 2021-07-10.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-:1-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:1_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.epa.gov/eg/effluent-guidelines-plan">"Effluent Guidelines Plan"</a>. EPA. 2023-01-20.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">EPA. "Construction and Development Point Source Category." <i>Code of Federal Regulations,</i> <span><a href="Title_40_of_the_Code_of_Federal_Regulations" title="Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations">40 CFR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-40/part-450">450</a></span></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-CWA_methods-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CWA_methods_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.epa.gov/cwa-methods">"Clean Water Act Analytical Methods"</a>. EPA. 2023-02-22.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.epa.gov/npdes/pretreatment-standards-and-requirements-categorical-pretreatment-standards">"Pretreatment Standards and Requirements-Categorical Pretreatment Standards"</a>. EPA. 2022-10-03.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://owapps.epa.gov/elg/">"Effluent Limitations Guidelines and Standards Database"</a>. EPA. 2024-08-28.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.epa.gov/pfas/pfas-strategic-roadmap-epas-commitments-action-2021-2024">"PFAS Strategic Roadmap: EPA's Commitments to Action 2021-2024"</a>. EPA. 2023-04-24.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-EPA_current_plan-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EPA_current_plan_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EPA_current_plan_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.epa.gov/eg/final-effluent-guidelines-program-plan">"Current Effluent Guidelines Program Plan"</a>. EPA. 2023-03-30.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.epa.gov/eg">EPA - Effluent Guidelines Program</a></li></ul>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_environmental_law331" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#BBDDCC"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div id="United_States_environmental_law331" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="United_States_environmental_law" class="mw-redirect" title="United States environmental law">United States environmental law</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#BBDDCC;width:1%"><a href="Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court</a><br> decisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><i><a href="Missouri_v._Holland" title="Missouri v. Holland">Missouri v. Holland</a></i> (1920)</li>

<li><i><a href="Sierra_Club_v._Morton" title="Sierra Club v. Morton">Sierra Club v. Morton</a></i> (1972)</li>

<li><i><a href="Vermont_Yankee_Nuclear_Power_Corp._v._Natural_Resources_Defense_Council%2C_Inc." title="Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Corp. v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc.">Vermont Yankee v. NRDC</a></i> (1978)</li>

<li><i><a href="Hughes_v._Oklahoma" title="Hughes v. Oklahoma">Hughes v. Oklahoma</a></i> (1979)</li>

<li><i>Lujan v. National Wildlife Federation</i> (1990)</li>

<li><i><a href="Friends_of_the_Earth%2C_Inc._v._Laidlaw_Environmental_Services%2C_Inc." title="Friends of the Earth, Inc. v. Laidlaw Environmental Services, Inc.">Friends of the Earth v. Laidlaw Environmental Services</a></i> (2000)</li>

<li><i><a href="BP_P.L.C._v._Mayor_and_City_Council_of_Baltimore" title="BP P.L.C. v. Mayor and City Council of Baltimore">BP P.L.C. v. Mayor and City Council of Baltimore</a></i> (2021)</li></ul>

</div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#BBDDCC;width:1%"><a href="National_Environmental_Policy_Act" title="National Environmental Policy Act">NEPA</a> cases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><i><a href="United_States_v._Students_Challenging_Regulatory_Agency_Procedures" title="United States v. Students Challenging Regulatory Agency Procedures">United States v. SCRAP</a></i> (1973)</li>

<li><i><a href="Metropolitan_Edison_Co._v._People_Against_Nuclear_Energy" title="Metropolitan Edison Co. v. People Against Nuclear Energy">Metropolitan Edison Co. v. People Against Nuclear Energy</a></i> (1983)</li>

<li><i><a href="Baltimore_Gas_%26_Electric_Co._v._Natural_Resources_Defense_Council%2C_Inc." title="Baltimore Gas & Electric Co. v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc.">Baltimore Gas & Electric Co. v. Natural Resources Defense Council</a></i> (1983)</li>

<li><i><a href="Department_of_Transportation_v._Public_Citizen" title="Department of Transportation v. Public Citizen">Department of Transportation v. Public Citizen</a></i> (2004)</li>

<li><i><a href="Norton_v._Southern_Utah_Wilderness_Alliance" title="Norton v. Southern Utah Wilderness Alliance">Norton v. Southern Utah Wilderness Alliance</a></i> (2004)</li>

<li><i><a href="Winter_v._Natural_Resources_Defense_Council" title="Winter v. Natural Resources Defense Council">Winter v. Natural Resources Defense Council</a></i> (2008)</li>

<li><i><a href="Monsanto_Co._v._Geertson_Seed_Farms" title="Monsanto Co. v. Geertson Seed Farms">Monsanto Co. v. Geertson Seed Farms</a></i> (2010)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#BBDDCC;width:1%"><a href="Clean_Air_Act_(United_States)" title="Clean Air Act (United States)">CAA</a> cases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><i><a href="Train_v._Natural_Resources_Defense_Council%2C_Inc." title="Train v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc.">Train v. Natural Resources Defense Council</a></i> (1975)</li>

<li><i><a href="Chevron_U.S.A.%2C_Inc._v._Natural_Resources_Defense_Council%2C_Inc." title="Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc.">Chevron v. Natural Resources Defense Council</a></i> (1984)</li>

<li><i><a href="Whitman_v._American_Trucking_Ass'ns%2C_Inc." title="Whitman v. American Trucking Ass'ns, Inc.">Whitman v. American Trucking Associations</a></i> (2001)</li>

<li><i><a href="Alaska_Department_of_Environmental_Conservation_v._EPA" title="Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation v. EPA">Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation v. EPA</a></i> (2004)</li>

<li><i><a href="Department_of_Transportation_v._Public_Citizen" title="Department of Transportation v. Public Citizen">Department of Transportation v. Public Citizen</a></i> (2004)</li>

<li><i><a href="Massachusetts_v._EPA" title="Massachusetts v. EPA">Massachusetts v. EPA</a></i> (2007)</li>

<li><i><a href="Environmental_Defense_v._Duke_Energy_Corp." title="Environmental Defense v. Duke Energy Corp.">Environmental Defense v. Duke Energy Corp.</a></i> (2007)</li>

<li><i><a href="American_Electric_Power_Co._v._Connecticut" title="American Electric Power Co. v. Connecticut">American Electric Power Co. v. Connecticut</a></i> (2011)</li>

<li><i><a href="Utility_Air_Regulatory_Group_v._EPA" title="Utility Air Regulatory Group v. EPA">Utility Air Regulatory Group v. EPA</a></i> (2014)</li>

<li><i><a href="Michigan_v._EPA" title="Michigan v. EPA">Michigan v. EPA</a></i> (2015)</li>

<li><i><a href="HollyFrontier_Cheyenne_Refining%2C_LLC_v._Renewable_Fuels_Assn." class="mw-redirect" title="HollyFrontier Cheyenne Refining, LLC v. Renewable Fuels Assn.">HollyFrontier Cheyenne Refining v. Renewable Fuels Association</a></i> (2021)</li>

<li><i><a href="West_Virginia_v._EPA" title="West Virginia v. EPA">West Virginia v. EPA</a></i> (2022)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#BBDDCC;width:1%"><a href="Resource_Conservation_and_Recovery_Act" title="Resource Conservation and Recovery Act">RCRA</a> cases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><i><a href="City_of_Philadelphia_v._New_Jersey" title="City of Philadelphia v. New Jersey">City of Philadelphia v. New Jersey</a></i> (1978)</li>

<li><i><a href="Southern_Union_Co._v._United_States" title="Southern Union Co. v. United States">Southern Union Co. v. United States</a></i> (2012)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#BBDDCC;width:1%"><a href="Endangered_Species_Act_of_1973" title="Endangered Species Act of 1973">ESA</a> cases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><i><a href="Tennessee_Valley_Authority_v._Hill" title="Tennessee Valley Authority v. Hill">Tennessee Valley Authority v. Hill</a></i> (1978)</li>

<li><i><a href="Lujan_v._Defenders_of_Wildlife" title="Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife">Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife</a></i> (1992)</li>

<li><i><a href="Babbitt_v._Sweet_Home_Chapter_of_Communities_for_a_Great_Oregon" title="Babbitt v. Sweet Home Chapter of Communities for a Great Oregon">Babbitt v. Sweet Home Chapter of Communities for a Great Oregon</a></i> (1995)</li>

<li><i><a href="National_Ass'n_of_Home_Builders_v._Defenders_of_Wildlife" title="National Ass'n of Home Builders v. Defenders of Wildlife">National Association of Home Builders v. Defenders of Wildlife</a></i> (2007)</li>

<li><i><a href="Weyerhaeuser_Company_v._United_States_Fish_and_Wildlife_Service" title="Weyerhaeuser Company v. United States Fish and Wildlife Service">Weyerhaeuser Company v. United States Fish and Wildlife Service</a></i> (2018)</li>

<li><i><a href="United_States_Fish_and_Wildlife_Service_v._Sierra_Club" title="United States Fish and Wildlife Service v. Sierra Club">United States Fish and Wildlife Service v. Sierra Club</a></i> (2021)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#BBDDCC;width:1%"><a href="Clean_Water_Act" title="Clean Water Act">CWA</a> cases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><i><a href="United_States_v._Riverside_Bayview" title="United States v. Riverside Bayview">United States v. Riverside Bayview</a></i> (1985)</li>

<li><i><a href="Solid_Waste_Agency_of_Northern_Cook_County_v._Army_Corps_of_Engineers" title="Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County v. Army Corps of Engineers">SWANCC v. Army Corps of Engineers</a></i> (2001)</li>

<li><i><a href="South_Florida_Water_Management_District_v._Miccosukee_Tribe" title="South Florida Water Management District v. Miccosukee Tribe">South Florida Water Management District v. Miccosukee Tribe</a></i> (2004)</li>

<li><i><a href="S._D._Warren_Co._v._Maine_Board_of_Environmental_Protection" title="S. D. Warren Co. v. Maine Board of Environmental Protection">S. D. Warren Co. v. Maine Board of Environmental Protection</a></i> (2006)</li>

<li><i><a href="Rapanos_v._United_States" title="Rapanos v. United States">Rapanos v. United States</a></i> (2006)</li>

<li><i><a href="Entergy_Corp._v._Riverkeeper_Inc." title="Entergy Corp. v. Riverkeeper Inc.">Entergy Corp. v. Riverkeeper Inc.</a></i> (2009)</li>

<li><i><a href="Coeur_Alaska%2C_Inc._v._Southeast_Alaska_Conservation_Council" title="Coeur Alaska, Inc. v. Southeast Alaska Conservation Council">Coeur Alaska, Inc. v. Southeast Alaska Conservation Council</a></i> (2009)</li>

<li><i><a href="Sackett_v._Environmental_Protection_Agency_(2012)" title="Sackett v. Environmental Protection Agency (2012)">Sackett v. EPA I</a></i> (2012)</li>

<li><i><a href="Los_Angeles_County_Flood_Control_District_v._Natural_Resources_Defense_Council%2C_Inc." title="Los Angeles County Flood Control District v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc.">Los Angeles County Flood Control District v. Natural Resources Defense Council</a></i> (2013)</li>

<li><i><a href="Army_Corps_of_Engineers_v._Hawkes_Co." title="Army Corps of Engineers v. Hawkes Co.">Army Corps of Engineers v. Hawkes Co.</a></i> (2016)</li>

<li><i><a href="National_Association_of_Manufacturers_v._Department_of_Defense" title="National Association of Manufacturers v. Department of Defense">National Association of Manufacturers v. Department of Defense</a></i> (2018)</li>

<li><i><a href="County_of_Maui_v._Hawaii_Wildlife_Fund" title="County of Maui v. Hawaii Wildlife Fund">County of Maui v. Hawaii Wildlife Fund</a></i> (2020)</li>

<li><i><a href="Sackett_v._Environmental_Protection_Agency_(2023)" title="Sackett v. Environmental Protection Agency (2023)">Sackett v. EPA II</a></i> (2023)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#BBDDCC;width:1%"><a href="Superfund" title="Superfund">CERCLA</a> cases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><i><a href="United_States_v._Bestfoods" title="United States v. Bestfoods">United States v. Bestfoods</a></i> (1998)</li>

<li><i><a href="Guam_v._United_States" title="Guam v. United States">Guam v. United States</a></i> (2021)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#BBDDCC;width:1%">Major<br><a href="Act_of_Congress" title="Act of Congress">federal legislation</a>,<br> treaties,<br>and lower court<br>decisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Yellowstone_National_Park_Protection_Act" title="Yellowstone National Park Protection Act">Yellowstone National Park Protection Act</a> (1872)</li>

<li><a href="Organic_Act_of_1897" title="Organic Act of 1897">Forest Service Organic Administration Act</a> (1897)</li>

<li><a href="Rivers_and_Harbors_Act_of_1899" title="Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899">Rivers and Harbors Act</a> (1899)

<ul><li><a href="Refuse_Act" title="Refuse Act">Refuse Act</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Lacey_Act_of_1900" title="Lacey Act of 1900">Lacey Act</a> (1900)</li>

<li><a href="Weeks_Act" title="Weeks Act">Weeks Act</a> (1911)</li>

<li><a href="North_Pacific_Fur_Seal_Convention_of_1911" title="North Pacific Fur Seal Convention of 1911">North Pacific Fur Seal Convention of 1911</a> (1911)</li>

<li><a href="Weeks%E2%80%93McLean_Act" title="Weeks–McLean Act">Weeks–McLean Act</a> (1913)</li>

<li><a href="Migratory_Bird_Treaty_Act_of_1918" title="Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918">Migratory Bird Treaty Act</a> (1918)</li>

<li><a href="Clarke%E2%80%93McNary_Act" title="Clarke–McNary Act">Clarke–McNary Act</a> (1924)</li>

<li><a href="Oil_Pollution_Act_of_1924" title="Oil Pollution Act of 1924">Oil Pollution Act</a> (1924)</li>

<li><a href="McSweeney-McNary_Act_of_1928" title="McSweeney-McNary Act of 1928">McSweeney-McNary Act</a> (1928)</li>

<li><a href="Fish_and_Wildlife_Coordination_Act" title="Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act">Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act</a> (1934)</li>

<li><a href="Watershed_Protection_and_Flood_Prevention_Act_of_1954" title="Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act of 1954">Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act</a> (1954)</li>

<li><a href="Air_Pollution_Control_Act_of_1955" title="Air Pollution Control Act of 1955">Air Pollution Control Act</a> (1955)</li>

<li><a href="Fish_and_Wildlife_Act" title="Fish and Wildlife Act">Fish and Wildlife Act</a> (1956)</li>

<li><a href="Oil_Pollution_Act_of_1961" title="Oil Pollution Act of 1961">Oil Pollution Act</a> (1961)</li>

<li><a href="Clean_Air_Act_(United_States)" title="Clean Air Act (United States)">Clean Air Act</a> (1963, 1970, 1977, 1990)

<ul><li><a href="Acid_Rain_Program" title="Acid Rain Program">Acid Rain Program</a></li></ul></li>

<li><i><a href="Scenic_Hudson_Preservation_Conference_v._Federal_Power_Commission" title="Scenic Hudson Preservation Conference v. Federal Power Commission">Scenic Hudson Preservation Conference v. Federal Power Commission</a></i> (2nd Cir. Court of Appeals, 1965)</li>

<li><a href="Solid_Waste_Disposal_Act_of_1965" title="Solid Waste Disposal Act of 1965">Solid Waste Disposal Act</a> (1965)</li>

<li><a href="Endangered_Species_Act_of_1969" title="Endangered Species Act of 1969">Endangered Species Act</a> (1969)</li>

<li><a href="Environmental_Quality_Improvement_Act" title="Environmental Quality Improvement Act">Environmental Quality Improvement Act</a> (1970)</li>

<li><a href="National_Environmental_Policy_Act" title="National Environmental Policy Act">National Environmental Policy Act</a> (1970)</li>

<li><a href="Clean_Water_Act" title="Clean Water Act">Clean Water Act</a> (1972, 1977, 1987, 2014)</li>

<li><a href="Coastal_Zone_Management_Act" title="Coastal Zone Management Act">Coastal Zone Management Act</a> (1972)

<ul><li><a href="Coastal_Zone_Management_Program" title="Coastal Zone Management Program">Coastal Zone Management Program</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Federal_Insecticide%2C_Fungicide%2C_and_Rodenticide_Act" title="Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act">Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act</a> (1972)</li>

<li><a href="Marine_Protection%2C_Research%2C_and_Sanctuaries_Act_of_1972" title="Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act of 1972">Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act</a> (1972)</li>

<li><a href="Noise_Control_Act" title="Noise Control Act">Noise Control Act</a> (1972)</li>

<li><a href="Endangered_Species_Act_of_1973" title="Endangered Species Act of 1973">Endangered Species Act</a> (1973)</li>

<li><a href="Oil_Pollution_Act_of_1973" title="Oil Pollution Act of 1973">Oil Pollution Act</a> (1973)</li>

<li><a href="Safe_Drinking_Water_Act" title="Safe Drinking Water Act">Safe Drinking Water Act</a> (1974, 1986, 1996)</li>

<li><a href="Water_Resources_Development_Act" title="Water Resources Development Act">Water Resources Development Act</a> (<a href="Water_Resources_Development_Act_of_1974" title="Water Resources Development Act of 1974">1974</a>, <a href="Water_Resources_Development_Act_of_1976" title="Water Resources Development Act of 1976">1976</a>, <a href="Water_Resources_Development_Act_of_1986" title="Water Resources Development Act of 1986">1986</a>, <a href="Water_Resources_Development_Act_of_1988" title="Water Resources Development Act of 1988">1988</a>, <a href="Water_Resources_Development_Act_of_1990" title="Water Resources Development Act of 1990">1990</a>, <a href="Water_Resources_Development_Act_of_1992" title="Water Resources Development Act of 1992">1992</a>, <a href="Water_Resources_Development_Act_of_1996" title="Water Resources Development Act of 1996">1996</a>, <a href="Water_Resources_Development_Act_of_1999" title="Water Resources Development Act of 1999">1999</a>, <a href="Water_Resources_Development_Act_of_2000" title="Water Resources Development Act of 2000">2000</a>, <a href="Water_Resources_Development_Act_of_2007" title="Water Resources Development Act of 2007">2007</a>, 2014, 2016, 2022)</li>

<li><a href="Federal_Noxious_Weed_Act_of_1974" title="Federal Noxious Weed Act of 1974">Federal Noxious Weed Act</a> (1975)</li>

<li><a href="Hazardous_Materials_Transportation_Act" title="Hazardous Materials Transportation Act">Hazardous Materials Transportation Act</a> (1975)</li>

<li><a href="Magnuson%E2%80%93Stevens_Fishery_Conservation_and_Management_Act" title="Magnuson–Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act">Magnuson–Stevens Act</a> (1976)</li>

<li><a href="Resource_Conservation_and_Recovery_Act" title="Resource Conservation and Recovery Act">Resource Conservation and Recovery Act</a> (1976)</li>

<li><a href="Toxic_Substances_Control_Act_of_1976" title="Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976">Toxic Substances Control Act</a> (1976)</li>

<li><a href="Surface_Mining_Control_and_Reclamation_Act_of_1977" title="Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977">Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act</a> (1977)</li>

<li><a href="Uranium_Mill_Tailings_Radiation_Control_Act" title="Uranium Mill Tailings Radiation Control Act">Uranium Mill Tailings Radiation Control Act</a> (1978)</li>

<li><a href="Superfund" title="Superfund">CERCLA (Superfund)</a> (1980)</li>

<li><a href="Emergency_Planning_and_Community_Right-to-Know_Act" title="Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act">Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act</a> (1986)</li>

<li><a href="Emergency_Wetlands_Resources_Act" title="Emergency Wetlands Resources Act">Emergency Wetlands Resources Act</a> (1986)</li>

<li><a href="Global_Change_Research_Act_of_1990" title="Global Change Research Act of 1990">Global Change Research Act</a> (1990)</li>

<li><a href="National_Environmental_Education_Act" title="National Environmental Education Act">National Environmental Education Act</a> (1990)</li>

<li><a href="Oil_Pollution_Act_of_1990" title="Oil Pollution Act of 1990">Oil Pollution Act</a> (1990)</li>

<li><a href="Alien_Species_Prevention_and_Enforcement_Act_of_1992" title="Alien Species Prevention and Enforcement Act of 1992">Alien Species Prevention and Enforcement Act of 1992</a></li>

<li><a href="Food_Quality_Protection_Act" title="Food Quality Protection Act">Food Quality Protection Act</a> (1996)</li>

<li><a href="Energy_Policy_Act_of_2005" title="Energy Policy Act of 2005">Energy Policy Act</a> (2005)</li>

<li><a href="Energy_Independence_and_Security_Act_of_2007" title="Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007">Energy Independence and Security Act</a> (2007)</li>

<li><i><a href="Regulation_of_greenhouse_gases_under_the_Clean_Air_Act" title="Regulation of greenhouse gases under the Clean Air Act">Coalition for Responsible Regulation, Inc. v. EPA</a></i> (D.C. Cir. Court of Appeals, 2012)</li>

<li><a href="Frank_R._Lautenberg_Chemical_Safety_for_the_21st_Century_Act" title="Frank R. Lautenberg Chemical Safety for the 21st Century Act">Lautenberg Chemical Safety Act</a> (2016)</li>

<li><a href="America's_Water_Infrastructure_Act_of_2018" title="America's Water Infrastructure Act of 2018">America's Water Infrastructure Act</a> (2018)</li>

<li><a href="Infrastructure_Investment_and_Jobs_Act" title="Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act">Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act</a> (2021)</li>

<li><i><a href="Executive_Order_13990" title="Executive Order 13990">Louisiana v. Biden</a></i> (5th Cir. Court of Appeals, 2022)</li>

<li><a href="CHIPS_and_Science_Act" title="CHIPS and Science Act">CHIPS and Science Act</a> (2022)</li>

<li><a href="Inflation_Reduction_Act" title="Inflation Reduction Act">Inflation Reduction Act</a> (2022)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#BBDDCC;width:1%"><a href="List_of_federal_agencies_in_the_United_States" title="List of federal agencies in the United States">Federal agencies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Agency_for_Toxic_Substances_and_Disease_Registry" title="Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry">Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry</a></li>

<li><a href="Council_on_Environmental_Quality" title="Council on Environmental Quality">Council on Environmental Quality</a></li>

<li><a href="National_Highway_Traffic_Safety_Administration" title="National Highway Traffic Safety Administration">National Highway Traffic Safety Administration</a></li>

<li><a href="Office_of_Surface_Mining_Reclamation_and_Enforcement" title="Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement">Office of Surface Mining</a></li>

<li><a href="United_States_Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="United States Environmental Protection Agency">United States Environmental Protection Agency</a></li>

<li><a href="United_States_Fish_and_Wildlife_Service" title="United States Fish and Wildlife Service">United States Fish and Wildlife Service</a></li>

<li><a href="U.S._Global_Change_Research_Program" title="U.S. Global Change Research Program">U.S. Global Change Research Program</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#BBDDCC;width:1%"><a href="Code_of_Federal_Regulations" title="Code of Federal Regulations">Regulations</a><br> and concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Best_available_technology" title="Best available technology">Best available technology</a></li>

<li><a href="Citizen_suit" title="Citizen suit">Citizen suit</a></li>

<li><a href="Clean_Power_Plan" title="Clean Power Plan">Clean Power Plan</a></li>

<li><a href="Corporate_average_fuel_economy" title="Corporate average fuel economy">Corporate average fuel economy</a></li>

<li><a href="Discharge_Monitoring_Report" title="Discharge Monitoring Report">Discharge Monitoring Report</a></li>

<li><a href="Environmental_crime" title="Environmental crime">Environmental crime</a></li>

<li><a href="Environmental_impact_statement" title="Environmental impact statement">Environmental impact statement</a></li>

<li><a href="Environmental_justice" title="Environmental justice">Environmental justice</a></li>

<li><a href="Regulation_of_greenhouse_gases_under_the_Clean_Air_Act" title="Regulation of greenhouse gases under the Clean Air Act">Executive Order 13432</a> (2007)</li>

<li><a href="Executive_Order_13990" title="Executive Order 13990">Executive Order 13990</a> (2022)</li>

<li><a href="Maximum_contaminant_level" title="Maximum contaminant level">Maximum contaminant level</a></li>

<li><a href="National_Ambient_Air_Quality_Standards" title="National Ambient Air Quality Standards">National Ambient Air Quality Standards</a></li>

<li><a href="National_Climate_Assessment" title="National Climate Assessment">National Climate Assessment</a></li>

<li><a href="National_Emissions_Standards_for_Hazardous_Air_Pollutants" title="National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants">National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants</a></li>

<li><a href="National_Priorities_List" title="National Priorities List">National Priorities List</a></li>

<li><a href="New_Source_Performance_Standards" title="New Source Performance Standards">New Source Performance Standards</a></li>

<li><a href="New_Source_Review" title="New Source Review">New Source Review</a></li>

<li><a href="Not-to-exceed" title="Not-to-exceed">Not-To-Exceed (NTE)</a></li>

<li><a href="PACE_financing" title="PACE financing">PACE financing</a></li>

<li><a href="Presidential_Climate_Action_Plan" title="Presidential Climate Action Plan">Presidential Climate Action Plan</a></li>

<li><a href="Renewable_Fuel_Standard_(United_States)" title="Renewable Fuel Standard (United States)">Renewable Fuel Standard</a></li>

<li><a href="Right_to_know" title="Right to know">Right to know</a></li>

<li><a href="Section_608" title="Section 608">Section 608 Certification</a></li>

<li><a href="Significant_New_Alternatives_Policy" title="Significant New Alternatives Policy">Significant New Alternatives Policy</a></li>

<li><i><a href="State_of_the_Climate" title="State of the Climate">State of the Climate</a></i></li>

<li><a href="Regulation_of_greenhouse_gases_under_the_Clean_Air_Act" title="Regulation of greenhouse gases under the Clean Air Act">Tailoring Rule</a> (2010)</li>

<li><a href="Total_maximum_daily_load" title="Total maximum daily load">Total maximum daily load</a></li>

<li><a href="Toxicity_category_rating" title="Toxicity category rating">Toxicity category rating</a></li>

<li><a href="Uranium_Mill_Tailings_Remedial_Action" title="Uranium Mill Tailings Remedial Action">Uranium Mill Tailings Remedial Action</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-07-06" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Effluent_guidelines&oldid=1298999851">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

</div>

</div></div>

</div>

</main>

</div>

</body></html>